曲 珍(1031～1089)，北宋将领。字君玉。德顺军 (今宁夏隆德)人。曲家世代为当地土著大姓，族内有尚武传统，当西夏军入侵时，在没有官军支持的情况下，曲家“诸父纠集族党” ，也能把敌人打跑。曲珍自幼苦练武艺，骑射技精，有“百步穿钱” 的硬功夫，“以材武长雄边关” 。后被秦凤路都钤辖刘温润看中，就让他跟随在自己身边参加作战。在他立了战功之后，就提拔担任绥德城监押。后又屡屡建功，先后升任门祗候、 内殿崇班。 熙宁年间 (1068～1077)， 随军参加征讨交趾 (今五岭以南地区)的战争，再以战功升任鄜延路钤辖、副总管，改任客省使、怀州防御使、龙神卫四厢都指挥使。元丰五年 (1082)，宋军在夏国边界修筑永乐城(今陕西米脂北，无定河东岸) ，曲珍担任守城任务。不久夏军来攻夺永乐城，宋军死伤惨重，城陷，曲珍缒城逃出，被贬官为皇城使。元祐初年 (1086)，重新起用，任环庆路副总管，此时，夏军号称四十万之众 “寇泾原”，曲珍率军 “虚驰三百里，破之曲律山，俘斩千八百人，解其围” 。因功升东上门使、忠州 (今四川忠县)防御使。曲珍本是西北山区的一位农民，又没有多少文化，为什么能带兵打仗，并能攻无不克，战无不胜呢?原因在于他善待士兵，把跟随他的部众当作自己的兄弟子侄一样看待，所以全军上下团结一条心，服从他的指挥，人人甘愿出死力与他共同战斗。曲珍于元祐四年 (1089)去世，享年五十九岁。

武士铜头盔

Copper Helmetsof Warriors

Qu Zhen (1031-1089)，general of the Northern Song Dynasty. His style namewas Jun Yu. His hometown was Deshunjun (presentd-day Longde of Ningxia).The familiy of Qu was prestigious for generations and held the tradition ofpracticing martial arts. When the army of the Western Xia invaded，Qu-family would"gather all the relatives" and defeat the enemy without the support of the court. Qu Zhen practiced martial arts when he was very young. He was good at shooting with the bow on the horse back and he could shoot an arrow through the hole of a coin hundred meters away. He was famous for his wonderful martial arts in the borders. Later，appreciated by Liu Wenrnn，Qingfeng Road Duqianxia，he was chosen to fight beside.When he got merits in the battlefield，he was promoted to Jianya of Suide City. Then，Qu Zhen got military merits again and again，and he held many posts，such as Hemen Zhihou，Neidian Zhongban. During the reign of Xi'ning (1068-1077)，Qu Zhen took part in the battle of Jiaozhi (present southern part of Lingnan) and promoted to Fuyan Road Qianxia，Fu Zongguan and then Kesheng Shi，Huaizhou Fangyu Shi and Longshenweixiang Duzhihuishi. In the 5th year of Yuanfeng (1082)，the Song Dynasty built Yongle City (present northern part of Mizhi in Shaanxi Province) on the border of the Western Xia and appointed Qu Zhen the guard of the city. Soon，the army of theWestern Xia attacked the city，and Qu Zhen's army suffered heavy casualties and lost the city. Qu Zhen gave up the city and escaped. Then he was demoted to Huangcheng Shi. At the beginning of Yuanyou (1086)，Qu Zhen was chosen by the court again and held the post of Huanqin Road Fuzongguan. At that time，the army of the Western Xia，that had 400 000 soldiers，"invaded Jingyuan. Qu Zhen led his army and matched 300lis and defeated the enemy in Qulv Mountains. He captured and killed more than 800enemies and guarded Jingyuan." Because this merit，Qu Zhen was promoted to Dongshang Hemenshi，Zhongzhou (present Zhong town in Sichuan Province)Fangyushi. In fact，Qu Zhen was one of the ordinary farmers in Northwest mountainous region and not well educated，why could he lead the army and got victories all the time? The reason was the following： he was very kind to his soldiers and regarded them as his family members. Every solider was willing to die for him. The whole army was united and obeyed his order unconditionally. Qu Zhen died in the 4th year of Yuanyou (1089) when he was 59 years old.Ⓔ

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